By Dr Brian Tawanda Marwenze (D.D)
In the shadows of Zimbabwe’s vibrant culture and breathtaking landscapes, a silent epidemic rages on, Gender-Based Violence (GBV) which has ravaged the nation, leaving a trail of trauma, pain, and mental health devastation in its wake. The impact of GBV on mental health is a ticking time bomb, with survivors struggling to cope with the emotional and psychological scars of abuse.
The trauma caused by GBV is a complex and multifaceted beast, seeping into every aspect of a survivor’s life. It can lead to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety disorders, and even suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The Zimbabwean government’s 2020 report on GBV notes that the country’s mental health services are woefully inadequate, with only a handful of trained mental health professionals available to cater to the needs of survivors.
While women are disproportionately affected by GBV, men are also victims of abuse, often suffering in silence due to societal expectations and stigma. In Zimbabwe, one in five men have experienced physical violence, and one in ten have experienced sexual violence. The impact of GBV on men’s mental health is often overlooked, leading to increased risk of substance abuse, depression, and anxiety.
The stigma surrounding GBV and mental health in Zimbabwe is a major obstacle to seeking help. Survivors, both men and women, are often shamed, blamed, and ostracized by their communities, making it difficult for them to speak out and seek support. The patriarchal culture in Zimbabwe perpetuates the notion that men should be strong and stoic, contributing to the silencing of male survivors.
To address the impact of GBV on mental health, Zimbabwe needs a comprehensive approach that prioritizes the needs of survivors and solutions as to:
- Train community health workers and peer support groups to provide mental health support and counseling to survivors of GBV, including men.
- Ensure that all healthcare providers, including those in rural areas, are trained in trauma-informed care to provide sensitive and supportive services to survivors.
- Launch nationwide awareness campaigns to challenge patriarchal attitudes, promote healthy relationships, and educate communities about GBV and mental health.
- Provide accessible, affordable, and safe shelter services, as well as economic empowerment programs, to support survivors of GBV, including men.
- Strengthen laws and policies to prevent GBV, protect survivors, and hold perpetrators accountable.
- Engage men and boys in GBV prevention and response efforts, promoting healthy masculinity and respect for women’s rights.
- Establish online counseling platforms and hotlines
While the challenges are daunting, there are glimmers of hope. Organizations like Musasa and the Zimbabwe Women’s Resource Centre are working tirelessly to provide support and services to survivors of GBV. The Zimbabwean government has also launched initiatives to address GBV and promote mental health.